Computer Hardware Interview Questions

1. 

   
   

2. Computer Hardware Interview Questions

3. Question 1. What Is A Computer?
   Answer :
   Computer is a  programmable machine. It the integral part of everyday life.
4. Question 2. What Are The Different Functions Of A Computer?
   Answer :
   A computer does the following functions;
   a) Accepting data
   b) Processing Data
   c) Storing Data
   d) Displaying Data
5. Question 3. How A Minicomputer Different From A Mainframe?
   Answer :
   Minicomputer is a midsized multiprocessing and multi user computer. It is also called mid-range server. But mainframes are huge computers, most commonly occupying entire rooms or floor. It is highly costly.
6. Question 4. What Is Super Computer?
   Answer :
   The fastest type of computer. Supercomputers are very expensive and are employed for specialized applications that require immense amounts of mathematical calculations. For example, weather forecasting requires a supercomputer. Other uses of supercomputers include animated graphics, fluid dynamic calculations, nuclear energy research, and petroleum exploration.
7. Question 5. Differentiate Input And Output Device?
   Answer :
   Input devices are used for giving input to the computer. But output devices are used to get the result back from the computer. The examples of input devices are keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera atc...whereas output devices include monitor, printer, projector etc....
8. Question 6. What Is A Storage Device? What Is The Common Classification?
   Answer :
   Storage devices are used to store data in the computer. The different types of storage devices are:
   a) Magnetic Devices.
   b) Optical Devices.
   c) Solid-State Storage Devices.
9. Question 7. What Do You Mean By A Processing Device? What Are The Various Types Of Processing Devices?
   Answer :
   The main function of a computer is to process data. The various types of processing device in a computer are:
   a) Microprocessor
   b) Chipset
   c) BIOS
10. Question 8. Differentiates Serial And Parallel Port?
    Answer :
    Serial port and parallel port are used for transferring data in/out of the computer. In serial port transmission only 1 bit is transmitted at a time. Most serial ports on personal computers conform to the RS-232C or RS-422 standards. A parallel interface for connecting an external device such as a printer. On PCs, the parallel port uses a 25-pin connector (type DB-25) and is used to connect printers, computers and other devices that need relatively high bandwidth. It uses parallel transmission of data.
11. Question 9. What Is An Interface?
    Answer :
    These are the communication channel that enables your computer to exchange information with various devices.
12. Question 10. What Is A Microprocessor?
    Answer :
    The most important electronic component on the computer. It is a programmable logical device for processing data. In the world of personal computers, the terms MICROPROCESSOR and CPU are used interchangeably.
13. Question 11. What Are The Factors Affecting The Speed Of The Microprocessor?
    Answer :
    The following are the factors affecting the speed of the microprocessor.
    a) Number of instructions build in the processor.
    b) Bandwidth
    c) Clock Speed
    d) Number of transistors inside the processor
14. Question 12. What Are The Differences Between Multitasking And Multiprocessing?
    Answer :
    Multitasking: Enables the processor to do multiple programs simultaneously by fast switching through the programs. Here doesn't have the involvement of multiple processors.
    Multiprocessing: Enables the processor to do multiple programs simultaneously by the use of multiple processors.
15. Question 13. What The Difference Between Fsb And Bsb?
    Answer :
    Front Side Bus. Another name for the system bus. The Front Side Bus connects the CPU to main memory. A microprocessor bus that connects the CPU to aLevel 2 cache is called Back Side Bus. Typically, a backside bus runs at a faster clock speed than the Front Side Bus.
16. Question 14. What Is Packaging A Microprocessor? What Are The Different Packaging Available?
    Answer :
    Packaging is the process of connecting a microprocessor with a computers motherboard. The types of microprocessor packaging are:
    a) PGA
    b) SPGA
    c) SECC
    d) LGA
17. Question 15. What Is Lga ?
    Answer :
    An LGA socket is the connection point for a central processing unit (CPU) to fit into a motherboard. The LGA stands for Land Grid Array.
18. Question 16. What Is Cisc And Risc?
    Answer :
    Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) and Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) are two philosophies by which computer chips are designed. RISC became a popular technology buzzword in the 1990s, and many processors used in the enterprise business segment were RISC-based.
19. Question 17. What Is Intel Pentium?
    Answer :
    The Intel Pentium is a series of microprocessors first developed by the Intel Corporation. These types of processors have been found in many personal computers since 1993.
20. Question 18. Any Difference Between Pentium Iii And Iv?
    Answer :
    There have been a number of Pentium processor lines starting with the base Pentium in 1993.The of the recent Pentium entries are Pentium III and Pentium 4.
    a) In a Pentium III processor, the bus speed is generally 133 MHz (although there were a few with 100 MHz). The lowest bus speed on a Pentium IV is 400 MHz, and there are versions with much higher speeds (topping at 1066 MHz for the "extreme edition").
    b) The Pentium 4s are smaller than the Pentium IIIs
    c) Pentium III processors had (for the most part) about 512 KB of cache. Pentium 4 processors, on the other hand, start at 512 KB. 
21. Question 19. What Are The Differences Between Intel Celeron And Pentium Family Of Processors?
    Answer :
    Celeron
    • According to Build Gaming Computers, Celeron processors are the low-end processor intended for standard home computer use. SciNet reports the best Celeron processor has an L2 Cache of 128kb, a clock speed limit of about 2.0 GHz and runs at a core voltage of 1.75V. These are useful numbers for comparison.
    Pentium
    • The top Pentium processor is the Pentium 4 Prescott. CPU Scorecard reports it has an L2 cache of 1MB (1024kb), a potential 3.0 GHz clock speed and runs at about 1.4V. The lowest performing Pentium 4 processor, the Willamette, has an L2 cache of 256kb, a potential 2.0 GHz clock speed and runs at about 1.7V.
22. Question 20. What Is Hyper Threading? What Is The Use Of It?
    Answer :
    A thread of execution, or simply a "thread," is one series of instructions sent to the CPU. Hyper-threading is a technology developed to help make better use of spare processing cycles. Hyper-threaded processors have a duplicate set of registers, small spaces of high-speed memory storage used to hold the data that is currently needed to execute a thread.
    When a CPU core is delayed, waiting for data to be retrieved from another place in memory, it can use these duplicate registers to spend the spare computation cycles executing a different thread. The second set of registers will be pre-loaded with the data needed to execute the second thread, so the CPU core can begin work immediately
23. Question 21. What Is Intel Atom Processor?
    Answer :
    The Intel Atom family of processors are extremely small central processing units (CPU) found mostly in ultraportable devices, such as netbooks, cell phones and tablet PCs, according to Intel. While small and light on energy use, Atom processors can handle the most common tasks, such as email and instant messaging.
24. Question 22. What Is Nehalem Architecture?
    Answer :
    Nehalem is Intel's new microprocessor architecture The Core i7 chips were the first processors ever produced using an architecture called Nehalem.
25. Question 23. Which Is A Heavy-duty Microprocessor Of Intel?
    Answer :
    Intel Xeon.
26. Question 24. Which Is The Processor Suitable From Intel Family Of Processors For Server And Workstation?
    Answer :
    Intel Xeon
27. Question 25. What Is Full Name Of Amd?
    Answer :
    Advanced Micro Devices.
28. Question 26. What Are The Latest Processor Of Intel And Amd?
    Answer :
    For intel it is Intel Core i7 and AMD Opteron 6200 Series processor.
29. Question 27. Write Socket Lga 775 Is Apt For Which Type Of Intel Processors?
    Answer :
    The top of the line for the LGA775 series CPU socket was the Core 2 processor series, with the Core 2 Duo E8600, Core 2 Extreme QX9770 and Core 2 Quad Q9650 being the three top performers.
30. Question 28. Socket 939 Is Developed By Amd. It Supports A Maximum Of How Many Bits Of Computing? What Are The The Different Processors Of Amd Is Suitable For This Socket?
    Answer :
    AMD Athlon 64, AMD Athlon 64FX and AMD Athlon 64 X2.
31. Question 29. Which Type Of Socket Is Needed To Connect A Dual Core Processor Of Intel?
    Answer :
    Socket LGA 775.
32. Question 30. What Is Heat Sink? What Is Its Use? If It Is Not In The System What Will Happen?
    Answer :
    A heat sink is a component used to lower the temperature of a device.It is most commonly there on the microprocessor. If it is not properly fixed the system, the system will shutdown automatically to prevent further damage to the processor.
33. Question 31. A Cpu Fan Should Be Placed In System. Why?
    Answer :
    To make the system cool and more functioning.
34. Question 32. What Are The Causes Of Overheating Of Microprocessor?
    Answer :
    a)    Processor fan may not be properly connected.
    b)    Heat sink may be not contacted with the processor.
    c)    Jumpers may be configured to over clock the CPU.
    d)    Voltage supply incompatible
35. Question 33. No Display. What Is The Problem?
    Answer :
    a) CPU fan problem
    b) Heat sink related issue
    c) Power related issues
    d) Improper Jumper settings
36. Question 34. What Is The Use Of Conventional Memory In The System?
    Answer :
    The size of conventional memory is 640KB. It is also called DOS memory or Base memory. This memory is used by some small programs like Word star, Lotus etc…DOS cannot use more than 640KB.
37. Question 35. What Is Main Memory In A Computer?
    Answer :
    The main memory in a computer is called Random Access Memory. It is also known as RAM. This is the part of the computer that stores operating system software, software applications and other information for the central processing unit (CPU) to have fast and direct access when needed to perform tasks.
38. Question 36. What Is Cache Memory? What Is The Advantage If A Processor With More Cache Memory You Are Using?
    Answer :
    Cache memory is the memory area between RAM and Processor. If cache memory increases the speed of the system will also improved.
39. Question 37. What Are The Different Types Of Ram?
    Answer :
    SRAM, DRAM, VRAM, SGRAM, DDR-SDRAM etc….
40. Question 38. Differentiate Sram And Dram?
    Answer :
    SRAM
    Static RAM stores each bit of data on six metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, or MOSFETs. SRAM is used in devices that require the fastest possible data access without requiring a high capacity. Some examples are CPU caches and buses, hard drive and router buffers and printers.
    DRAM
    Dynamic RAM stores data using a paired transistor and capacitor for each bit of data. Capacitors constantly leak electricity, which requires the memory controller to refresh the DRAM several times a second to maintain the data.
41. Question 39. What Are The Different Dram Types?
    Answer :
    FPMDRAM, EDO DRAM, SDRAM, RDRAM, DDR-SDRAM
42. Question 40. What Is The Difference Between Ddr-i And Ddr-ii?
    Answer :
    DDR2 is the successor to DDR RAM. DDR 2 incorporates several technological upgrades to computer system memory, as well as an enhanced data rate.DDR 2 is capable of achieving twice the data transfer rate of DDR-I memory because of its higher clock speed. It operates at a lower voltage than DDR-I as well: 1.8 volts instead of 2.5.